Comparison between Polar and Non-polar compounds for class 10 ICSE

Comparison between Polar and Non-polar compounds

Polar covalent and non polar molecules

Polar molecules	Non-polar molecules
1.      Due to the electronegativity difference between the atoms the electrons are distributed unequally which leads to charge separation.	1.  There is no charge separation since the electron pair is equally distributed between the atoms.
2.      Example: HCl, H2O , NH3 etc.	2. Example: H2, Cl2, O2, N2, CCl4, CH4 etc

 

Ø  Charge separation in Hydrogen chloride molecule:

In HCl molecule Chlorine is more electronegative than Hydrogen so the electron pair is more strongly attracted by Chlorine atom due this a slight negative charge is developed on Chlorine and a slight positive charge on Hydrogen atom. Hence it becomes a polar compound